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@@ -9562,133 +9562,6 @@ Results
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Globin blocking yields a larger and more consistent fraction of useful reads
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Globin blocking yields a larger and more consistent fraction of useful reads
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\end_layout
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\end_layout
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-\begin_layout Standard
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-The objective of the present study was to validate a new protocol for deep
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- RNA-seq of whole blood drawn into PaxGene tubes from cynomolgus monkeys
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- undergoing islet transplantation, with particular focus on minimizing the
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- loss of useful sequencing space to uninformative globin reads.
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- The details of the analysis with respect to transplant outcomes and the
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- impact of mesenchymal stem cell treatment will be reported in a separate
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- manuscript (in preparation).
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- To focus on the efficacy of our globin blocking protocol, 37 blood samples,
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- 16 from pre-transplant and 21 from post-transplant time points, were each
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- prepped once with and once without globin blocking oligos, and were then
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- sequenced on an Illumina NextSeq500 instrument.
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- The number of reads aligning to each gene in the cynomolgus genome was
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- counted.
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- Table 1 summarizes the distribution of read fractions among the GB and
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- non-GB libraries.
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- In the libraries with no globin blocking, globin reads made up an average
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- of 44.6% of total input reads, while reads assigned to all other genes made
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- up an average of 26.3%.
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- The remaining reads either aligned to intergenic regions (that include
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- long non-coding RNAs) or did not align with any annotated transcripts in
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- the current build of the cynomolgus genome.
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- In the GB libraries, globin reads made up only 3.48% and reads assigned
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- to all other genes increased to 50.4%.
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- Thus, globin blocking resulted in a 92.2% reduction in globin reads and
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- a 91.6% increase in yield of useful non-globin reads.
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-\end_layout
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-
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-\begin_layout Standard
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-This reduction is not quite as efficient as the previous analysis showed
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- for human samples by DeepSAGE (<0.4% globin reads after globin reduction)
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-
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-\begin_inset CommandInset citation
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-LatexCommand cite
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-key "Mastrokolias2012"
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-literal "false"
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-
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-\end_inset
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-
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-.
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- Nonetheless, this degree of globin reduction is sufficient to nearly double
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- the yield of useful reads.
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- Thus, globin blocking cuts the required sequencing effort (and costs) to
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- achieve a target coverage depth by almost 50%.
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- Consistent with this near doubling of yield, the average difference in
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- un-normalized logCPM across all genes between the GB libraries and non-GB
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- libraries is approximately 1 (mean = 1.01, median = 1.08), an overall 2-fold
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- increase.
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- Un-normalized values are used here because the TMM normalization correctly
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- identifies this 2-fold difference as biologically irrelevant and removes
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- it.
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-\end_layout
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-
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-\begin_layout Standard
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-\begin_inset Float figure
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-wide false
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-sideways false
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-status collapsed
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-
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout
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-\align center
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-\begin_inset Graphics
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- filename graphics/Globin Paper/figure1 - globin-fractions.pdf
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- lyxscale 50
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- width 100col%
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- groupId colwidth
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-
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-\end_inset
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-
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-
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-\end_layout
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-
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout
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-\begin_inset Caption Standard
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-
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout
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-
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-\series bold
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-\begin_inset Argument 1
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-status collapsed
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-
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout
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-Fraction of genic reads in each sample aligned to non-globin genes, with
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- and without globin blocking (GB).
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-
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-\end_layout
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-
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-\end_inset
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-
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-
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-\begin_inset CommandInset label
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-LatexCommand label
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-name "fig:Fraction-of-genic-reads"
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-
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-\end_inset
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-
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-Fraction of genic reads in each sample aligned to non-globin genes, with
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- and without globin blocking (GB).
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-
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-\series default
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- All reads in each sequencing library were aligned to the cyno genome, and
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- the number of reads uniquely aligning to each gene was counted.
|
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- For each sample, counts were summed separately for all globin genes and
|
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|
|
- for the remainder of the genes (non-globin genes), and the fraction of
|
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- genic reads aligned to non-globin genes was computed.
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- Each point represents an individual sample.
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- Gray + signs indicate the means for globin-blocked libraries and unblocked
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- libraries.
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- The overall distribution for each group is represented as a notched box
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- plots.
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- Points are randomly spread vertically to avoid excessive overlapping.
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-\end_layout
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-
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-\end_inset
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-
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-
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-\end_layout
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-
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout
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-
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-\end_layout
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-
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-\end_inset
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-
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-
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-\end_layout
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-
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_inset ERT
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\begin_inset ERT
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status open
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status open
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@@ -10315,10 +10188,6 @@ All values are given as mean ± standard deviation.
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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-\end_layout
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-
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-\begin_layout Plain Layout
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-
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\end_layout
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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@@ -10345,6 +10214,127 @@ end{landscape}
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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+\end_layout
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+
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+\begin_layout Standard
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+The objective of the present study was to validate a new protocol for deep
|
|
|
|
+ RNA-seq of whole blood drawn into PaxGene tubes from cynomolgus monkeys
|
|
|
|
+ undergoing islet transplantation, with particular focus on minimizing the
|
|
|
|
+ loss of useful sequencing space to uninformative globin reads.
|
|
|
|
+ The details of the analysis with respect to transplant outcomes and the
|
|
|
|
+ impact of mesenchymal stem cell treatment will be reported in a separate
|
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|
|
+ manuscript (in preparation).
|
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|
|
+ To focus on the efficacy of our globin blocking protocol, 37 blood samples,
|
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|
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+ 16 from pre-transplant and 21 from post-transplant time points, were each
|
|
|
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+ prepped once with and once without globin blocking oligos, and were then
|
|
|
|
+ sequenced on an Illumina NextSeq500 instrument.
|
|
|
|
+ The number of reads aligning to each gene in the cynomolgus genome was
|
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|
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+ counted.
|
|
|
|
+ Table 1 summarizes the distribution of read fractions among the GB and
|
|
|
|
+ non-GB libraries.
|
|
|
|
+ In the libraries with no globin blocking, globin reads made up an average
|
|
|
|
+ of 44.6% of total input reads, while reads assigned to all other genes made
|
|
|
|
+ up an average of 26.3%.
|
|
|
|
+ The remaining reads either aligned to intergenic regions (that include
|
|
|
|
+ long non-coding RNAs) or did not align with any annotated transcripts in
|
|
|
|
+ the current build of the cynomolgus genome.
|
|
|
|
+ In the GB libraries, globin reads made up only 3.48% and reads assigned
|
|
|
|
+ to all other genes increased to 50.4%.
|
|
|
|
+ Thus, globin blocking resulted in a 92.2% reduction in globin reads and
|
|
|
|
+ a 91.6% increase in yield of useful non-globin reads.
|
|
|
|
+\end_layout
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
+This reduction is not quite as efficient as the previous analysis showed
|
|
|
|
+ for human samples by DeepSAGE (<0.4% globin reads after globin reduction)
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
|
|
|
+LatexCommand cite
|
|
|
|
+key "Mastrokolias2012"
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|
|
+literal "false"
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|
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+
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+\end_inset
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+
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+.
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|
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+ Nonetheless, this degree of globin reduction is sufficient to nearly double
|
|
|
|
+ the yield of useful reads.
|
|
|
|
+ Thus, globin blocking cuts the required sequencing effort (and costs) to
|
|
|
|
+ achieve a target coverage depth by almost 50%.
|
|
|
|
+ Consistent with this near doubling of yield, the average difference in
|
|
|
|
+ un-normalized logCPM across all genes between the GB libraries and non-GB
|
|
|
|
+ libraries is approximately 1 (mean = 1.01, median = 1.08), an overall 2-fold
|
|
|
|
+ increase.
|
|
|
|
+ Un-normalized values are used here because the TMM normalization correctly
|
|
|
|
+ identifies this 2-fold difference as biologically irrelevant and removes
|
|
|
|
+ it.
|
|
|
|
+\end_layout
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+
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+\begin_layout Standard
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+\begin_inset Float figure
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+wide false
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+sideways false
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+status collapsed
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+
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+\begin_layout Plain Layout
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+\align center
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+\begin_inset Graphics
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+ filename graphics/Globin Paper/figure1 - globin-fractions.pdf
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+ lyxscale 50
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+ width 75col%
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+
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+\end_inset
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+
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+
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+\end_layout
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+
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+\begin_layout Plain Layout
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+\begin_inset Caption Standard
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+
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+\begin_layout Plain Layout
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+
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+\series bold
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|
+\begin_inset Argument 1
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+status collapsed
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+
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|
|
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
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|
|
|
+Fraction of genic reads in each sample aligned to non-globin genes, with
|
|
|
|
+ and without globin blocking (GB).
|
|
|
|
+\end_layout
|
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+
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+\end_inset
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+
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+
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+\begin_inset CommandInset label
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+LatexCommand label
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+name "fig:Fraction-of-genic-reads"
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+
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+\end_inset
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+
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+Fraction of genic reads in each sample aligned to non-globin genes, with
|
|
|
|
+ and without globin blocking (GB).
|
|
|
|
+
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|
|
|
+\series default
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|
|
+ All reads in each sequencing library were aligned to the cyno genome, and
|
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|
|
+ the number of reads uniquely aligning to each gene was counted.
|
|
|
|
+ For each sample, counts were summed separately for all globin genes and
|
|
|
|
+ for the remainder of the genes (non-globin genes), and the fraction of
|
|
|
|
+ genic reads aligned to non-globin genes was computed.
|
|
|
|
+ Each point represents an individual sample.
|
|
|
|
+ Gray + signs indicate the means for globin-blocked libraries and unblocked
|
|
|
|
+ libraries.
|
|
|
|
+ The overall distribution for each group is represented as a notched box
|
|
|
|
+ plots.
|
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|
|
+ Points are randomly spread vertically to avoid excessive overlapping.
|
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|
|
+\end_layout
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+
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+\end_inset
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+
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+
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+\end_layout
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+
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+\end_inset
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+
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+
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\end_layout
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_layout Standard
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@@ -10415,8 +10405,7 @@ status collapsed
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\begin_inset Graphics
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename graphics/Globin Paper/figure2 - aveLogCPM-colored.pdf
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filename graphics/Globin Paper/figure2 - aveLogCPM-colored.pdf
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lyxscale 50
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lyxscale 50
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- width 100col%
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- groupId colwidth
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+ height 60theight%
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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@@ -10521,8 +10510,7 @@ status collapsed
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\begin_inset Graphics
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename graphics/Globin Paper/figure3 - detection.pdf
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filename graphics/Globin Paper/figure3 - detection.pdf
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lyxscale 50
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lyxscale 50
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- width 100col%
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- groupId colwidth
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+ width 70col%
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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@@ -10784,8 +10772,7 @@ status collapsed
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\begin_inset Graphics
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\begin_inset Graphics
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filename graphics/Globin Paper/figure5 - corrplot.pdf
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filename graphics/Globin Paper/figure5 - corrplot.pdf
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lyxscale 50
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lyxscale 50
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- width 100col%
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- groupId colwidth
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+ width 70col%
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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